notes  to  consolidated  financial  statements  Insurance  —  credit  life  Certain  insurance  affiliates,  primarily  in  GE  Money,  issue  credit  life  insurance  designed  to  pay  the  balance  due  on  a  loan  if  the  borrower  dies  before  the  loan  is  repaid.  As  part  of  our  overall  risk  management  process,  we  cede  to  third  parties  a  portion  of  this  associated  risk,  but  are  not  relieved  of  our  primary  obligation  to  policyholders.  LOAN  COMMITMENTS  Notional  amount  December  31  (In  millions)  2006  2005  Ordinary  course  of  business  lending  commitments(a)  Fixed  rate  $  3,186  $  4,188  Variable  rate  9,515  6,068  Unused  revolving  credit  lines(b)  Commercial  Fixed  rate  868  779  Variable  rate  24,095  20,779  Consumer  —  principally  credit  cards  Fixed  rate  136,920  170,367  Variable  rate  341,656  281,113  (a)  Excluded  investment  commitments  of  $2,881  million  and  $1,418  million  as  of  December  31,  2006  and  2005,  respectively.  (b)  Excluded  inventory  financing  arrangements,  which  may  be  withdrawn  at  our  option,  of  $11,044  million  and  $11,383  million  as  of  December  31,  2006  and  2005,  respectively.  Derivatives  and  hedging  We  conduct  our  business  activities  in  diverse  markets  around  the  world,  including  countries  where  obtaining  local  funding  is  sometimes  inefficient.  The  nature  of  our  activities  exposes  us  to  changes  in  interest  rates  and  currency  exchange  rates.  We  manage  such  risks  using  straightforward  techniques  including  debt  whose  terms  correspond  to  terms  of  the  funded  assets,  as  well  as  combinations  of  debt  and  derivatives  that  achieve  our  objectives.  We  also  are  exposed  to  various  commodity  price  risks  and  address  certain  of  these  risks  with  commodity  contracts.  We  value  deriv-  atives  that  are  not  exchange-traded  with  internal  market-based  valuation  models.  When  necessary,  we  also  obtain  information  from  our  derivative  counterparties  to  validate  our  models  and  to  value  the  few  products  that  our  internal  models  do  not  address.  We  use  interest  rate  swaps,  currency  derivatives  and  com-  modity  derivatives  to  reduce  the  variability  of  expected  future  cash  flows  associated  with  variable  rate  borrowings  and  com-  mercial  purchase  and  sale  transactions,  including  commodities.  We  use  interest  rate  swaps,  currency  swaps  and  interest  rate  and  currency  forwards  to  hedge  the  fair  value  effects  of  interest  rate  and  currency  exchange  rate  changes  on  local  and  non-  functional  currency  denominated  fi  xed-rate  borrowings  and  certain  types  of  fixed-rate  assets.  We  use  currency  swaps  and  forwards  to  protect  our  net  investments  in  global  operations  conducted  in  non-U.S.  dollar  currencies.  We  intend  all  of  these  positions  to  qualify  as  hedges  and  to  be  accounted  for  as  hedges.  We  use  swaps,  futures  and  option  contracts,  including  caps,  floors  and  collars,  as  economic  hedges  of  changes  in  interest  rates,  currency  exchange  rates  and  equity  prices  on  certain  types  of  assets  and  liabilities.  We  sometimes  use  credit  default  swaps  to  hedge  the  credit  risk  of  various  counterparties  with  which  we  have  entered  into  loan  or  leasing  arrangements.  We  occasionally  obtain  equity  warrants  as  part  of  sourcing  or  fi  nancing  transactions.  Although  these  instruments  are  derivatives,  their  economic  risks  are  similar  to,  and  managed  on  the  same  basis  as,  risks  of  other  equity  instruments  we  hold.  These  instruments  are  marked  to  market  through  earnings.  Earnings  effects  of  derivatives  designated  as  hedges  At  December  31,  2006,  approximately  57%  of  our  total  interest  rate  swaps  accounted  for  as  hedges  were  exempt  from  ongoing  tests  of  effectiveness.  The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  earnings  effects  of  derivatives  designated  and  qualifying  as  hedges,  but  not  qualifying  for  the  assumption  of  no  ineffec-  tiveness.  PRE-TAX  GAINS  (LOSSES)  December  31  (In  millions)  2006  2005  2004  CASH  FLOW  HEDGES  Ineffectiveness  $10  $(27)  $20  Amounts  excluded  from  the  measure  of  effectiveness  (16)  17  25  FAIR  VALUE  HEDGES  Ineffectiveness  (47)  4  11  Amounts  excluded  from  the  measure  of  effectiveness  33  (8)  3  In  2006  and  2005,  we  recognized  insignificant  gains  and  losses  related  to  hedged  forecasted  transactions  and  fi  rm  commitments  that  did  not  occur  by  the  end  of  the  originally  specifi  ed  period.  In  2004,  we  recognized  a  pre-tax  loss  of  $46  million,  before  cancellation  penalties,  for  terminating  a  forward  euro  contract  when  our  customer  cancelled  its  hedged,  firm  order  for  equipment  and  services.  Additional  information  regarding  the  use  of  derivatives  is  provided  in  note  18  and  note  23.  102  ge  2006  annual  report  
Counterparty  credit  risk  We  manage  counterparty  credit  risk,  the  risk  that  counterparties  will  default  and  not  make  payments  to  us  according  to  the  terms  of  the  agreements,  on  an  individual  counterparty  basis.  Thus,  when  a  legal  right  of  offset  exists,  we  net  certain  exposures  by  counterparty  and  include  the  value  of  collateral  to  determine  the  amount  of  ensuing  exposure.  When  net  exposure  to  a  counter-  party,  based  on  the  current  market  values  of  agreements  and  collateral,  exceeds  credit  exposure  limits  (see  following  table),  we  take  action  to  reduce  exposure.  Such  actions  include  prohibiting  additional  transactions  with  the  counterparty,  requiring  collateral  from  the  counterparty  (as  described  below)  and  terminating  or  restructuring  transactions.  Swaps  are  required  to  be  executed  under  master  agreements  containing  mutual  credit  downgrade  provisions  that  provide  the  ability  to  require  assignment  or  termination  in  the  event  either  party  is  downgraded  below  A3  or  A–.  In  certain  cases  we  have  entered  into  collateral  arrangements  that  provide  us  with  the  right  to  hold  collateral  (cash  or  U.S.  Treasury  or  other  highly-rated  securities)  when  the  current  market  value  of  derivative  contracts  exceeds  a  specified  limit.  We  evaluate  credit  risk  exposures  and  compliance  with  credit  exposure  limits  net  of  such  collateral.  Fair  values  of  our  derivatives  assets  and  liabilities  represent  the  replacement  value  of  existing  derivatives  at  market  prices  and  can  change  significantly  from  period  to  period  based  on,  among  other  factors,  market  movements  and  changes  in  our  positions.  At  December  31,  2006,  our  exposure  to  counterparties,  after  consideration  of  netting  arrangements  and  collateral,  was  about  $1,400  million.  notes  to  consolidated  financial  statements  Following  is  GECS  policy  relating  to  initial  credit  rating  requirements  and  to  exposure  limits  to  counterparties.  COUNTERPARTY  CREDIT  CRITERIA  Credit  rating  Moody’s  S&P  Foreign  exchange  forwards  and  other  derivatives  less  than  one  year  P–1  A–1  All  derivatives  between  one  and  fi  ve  years  Aa3(a)  AA–(a)  All  derivatives  greater  than  fi  ve  years  Aaa(a)  AAA(a)  (a)  Counterparties  that  have  an  obligation  to  provide  collateral  to  cover  credit  exposure  in  accordance  with  a  credit  support  agreement  must  have  a  minimum  A3/A–rating.  EXPOSURE  LIMITS  (In  millions)  Minimum  rating  Exposure(a)  Without  With  collateral  collateral  Moody’s  S&P  arrangements  arrangements  Aaa  AAA  $100  $75  Aa3  AA–  50  50  A3  A–  5  —  (a)  For  derivatives  with  maturities  less  than  one  year,  counterparties  are  permitted  to  have  unsecured  exposure  up  to  $150  million  with  a  minimum  rating  of  A–1/P–1.  ge  2006  annual  report  103  
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